摘要翻译：
反馈控制棘轮是热整流器，利用系统状态的信息来操作。我们研究了在多粒子情况下，对于一个执行质心速度瞬时最大值的协议，时滞在反馈中的影响。对于较小的延迟，质心速度随着延迟的增加而减小（尽管不如少粒子情况下的速度快）。然而，对于大延迟，我们发现了一个令人惊讶的结果，即延迟的存在可以改善棘轮的磁通性能。实际上，用最优周期协议得到了最大流量。这意味着所考虑的延迟反馈协议可以比非延迟反馈协议执行得更好。在大时滞存在下观测到的通量的改善是一个新的动力学机制出现的结果，在这个机制中，时滞反馈的存在使准周期解稳定，这种解类似于在某个带阈值的闭环协议中获得的解。另外，在这个新的状态下，系统表现出多稳定性，即几个准周期解在一个固定的时滞下是稳定的。
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英文标题：
《Flux enhancement and multistability induced by time delays in a feedback
  controlled flashing ratchet》
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作者：
F. J. Cao, M. Feito
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最新提交年份：
2008
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分类信息：

一级分类：Physics        物理学
二级分类：Statistical Mechanics        统计力学
分类描述：Phase transitions, thermodynamics, field theory, non-equilibrium phenomena, renormalization group and scaling, integrable models, turbulence
相变，热力学，场论，非平衡现象，重整化群和标度，可积模型，湍流
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英文摘要：
  Feedback controlled ratchets are thermal rectifiers that use information on the state of the system to operate. We study the effects of time delays in the feedback for a protocol that performs an instantaneous maximization of the center-of-mass velocity in the many particle case. For small delays the center-of-mass velocity decreases for increasing delays (although not as fast as in the few particle case). However, for large delays we find the surprising result that the presence of a delay can improve the flux performance of the ratchet. In fact, the maximum flux obtained with the optimal periodic protocol is attained. This implies that the delayed feedback protocol considered can perform better than its non-delayed counterpart. The improvement of the flux observed in the presence of large delays is the result of the emergence of a new dynamical regime where the presence of the delayed feedback stabilizes quasiperiodic solutions that resemble the solutions obtained in a certain closed-loop protocol with thresholds. In addition, in this new regime the system presents multistability, i.e. several quasiperiodic solutions can be stable for a fixed time delay.
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PDF链接：
https://arxiv.org/pdf/706.4466