英文标题：
《Trademark filings and patent application count time series are
  structurally near-identical and cointegrated: Implications for studies in
  innovation》
---
作者：
Iraj Daizadeh
---
最新提交年份：
2020
---
英文摘要：
  Through time series analysis, this paper empirically explores, confirms and extends the trademark/patent inter-relationship as proposed in the normative intellectual-property (IP)-oriented Innovation Agenda view of the science and technology (S&T) firm. Beyond simple correlation, it is shown that trademark-filing (Trademarks) and patent-application counts (Patents) have similar (if not, identical) structural attributes (including similar distribution characteristics and seasonal variation, cross-wavelet synchronicity/coherency (short-term cross-periodicity) and structural breaks) and are cointegrated (integration order of 1) over a period of approximately 40 years (given the monthly observations). The existence of cointegration strongly suggests a \"long-run\" equilibrium between the two indices; that is, there is (are) exogenous force(s) restraining the two indices from diverging from one another. Structural breakpoints in the chrono-dynamics of the indices supports the existence of potentially similar exogeneous forces(s), as the break dates are simultaneous/near-simultaneous (Trademarks: 1987, 1993, 1999, 2005, 2011; Patents: 1988, 1994, 2000, and 2011). A discussion of potential triggers (affecting both time series) causing these breaks, and the concept of equilibrium in the context of these proxy measures are presented. The cointegration order and structural co-movements resemble other macro-economic variables, stoking the opportunity of using econometrics approaches to further analyze these data. As a corollary, this work further supports the inclusion of trademark analysis in innovation studies. Lastly, the data and corresponding analysis tools (R program) are presented as Supplementary Materials for reproducibility and convenience to conduct future work for interested readers.
---
中文摘要：
通过时间序列分析，本文实证研究、确认和扩展了科技企业以规范性知识产权（IP）为导向的创新议程观点中提出的商标/专利相互关系。除了简单的相关性，研究表明，商标申请（商标）和专利申请数量（专利）具有相似（如果不是相同的话）的结构属性（包括相似的分布特征和季节变化、交叉小波同步性/相干性（短期交叉周期性）和结构突变），并且在大约40年的时间内协整（整合顺序为1）（考虑到每月的观察结果）。协整的存在强烈表明这两个指数之间存在“长期”平衡；也就是说，有外力限制这两个指数彼此偏离。指数时间动力学中的结构断点支持可能存在类似的外生力，因为破裂日期是同时/接近同时的（商标：1987、1993、1999、2005、2011；专利：1988、1994、2000和2011）。本文讨论了导致这些断裂的潜在触发因素（影响两个时间序列），以及在这些替代措施的背景下的均衡概念。协整顺序和结构协动类似于其他宏观经济变量，为使用计量经济学方法进一步分析这些数据提供了机会。作为推论，这项工作进一步支持将商标分析纳入创新研究。最后，数据和相应的分析工具（R程序）作为补充材料呈现，以便于再现性和方便感兴趣的读者进行未来的工作。
---
分类信息：

一级分类：Economics        经济学
二级分类：Econometrics        计量经济学
分类描述：Econometric Theory, Micro-Econometrics, Macro-Econometrics, Empirical Content of Economic Relations discovered via New Methods, Methodological Aspects of the Application of Statistical Inference to Economic Data.
计量经济学理论，微观计量经济学，宏观计量经济学，通过新方法发现的经济关系的实证内容，统计推论应用于经济数据的方法论方面。
--

---
PDF下载：
-->