英文标题：
《Metastable Features of Economic Networks and Responses to Exogenous
  Shocks》
---
作者：
Ali Hosseiny, Mohammad Bahrami, Antonio Palestrini, Mauro Gallegati
---
最新提交年份：
2016
---
英文摘要：
  It has been proved that network structure plays an important role in addressing a collective behaviour. In this paper we consider a network of firms and corporations and study its metastable features in an Ising based model. In our model, we observe that if in a recession the government imposes a demand shock to stimulate the network, metastable features shape its response. Actually we find that there is a minimum bound where demand shocks with a size below it are unable to trigger the market out from recession. We then investigate the impact of network characteristics on this minimum bound. We surprisingly observe that in a Watts-Strogatz network though the minimum bound depends on the average of the degrees, when translated into the economics language, such a bound is independent of the average degrees. This bound is about $0.44 \\Delta$GDP, where $\\Delta$GDP is the gap of GDP between recession and expansion. We examine our suggestions for the cases of the United States and the European Union in the recent recession, and compare them with the imposed stimulations. While stimulation in the US has been above our threshold, in the EU it has been far below our threshold. Beside providing a minimum bound for a successful stimulation, our study on the metastable features suggests that in the time of crisis there is a \"golden time passage\" in which the minimum bound for successful stimulation can be much lower. So, our study strongly suggests stimulations to be started within this time passage.
---
中文摘要：
事实证明，网络结构在解决集体行为中起着重要作用。在本文中，我们考虑了一个企业网络，并在基于Ising的模型中研究了它的亚稳态特征。在我们的模型中，我们观察到，如果在经济衰退中，政府施加需求冲击以刺激网络，亚稳特征会影响其反应。事实上，我们发现，存在一个最小范围，即低于该范围的需求冲击无法触发市场走出衰退。然后，我们研究了网络特性对该最小界的影响。我们惊讶地注意到，在瓦茨-斯特罗加茨网络中，虽然最小界限取决于学位的平均值，但当翻译成经济学语言时，这种界限与平均学位无关。该界限约为0.44美元，其中美元是衰退和扩张之间的GDP差距。我们研究了我们对美国和欧盟在最近经济衰退中的情况提出的建议，并将其与实施的刺激措施进行了比较。虽然美国的刺激措施已经超过了我们的门槛，但欧盟的刺激措施却远远低于我们的门槛。除了提供成功刺激的最小界限外，我们对亚稳特征的研究表明，在危机时期，存在一个“黄金时段”，其中成功刺激的最小界限可以低得多。因此，我们的研究强烈建议在这段时间内开始刺激。
---
分类信息：

一级分类：Physics        物理学
二级分类：Physics and Society        物理学与社会
分类描述：Structure, dynamics and collective behavior of societies and groups (human or otherwise). Quantitative analysis of social networks and other complex networks. Physics and engineering of infrastructure and systems of broad societal impact (e.g., energy grids, transportation networks).
社会和团体（人类或其他）的结构、动态和集体行为。社会网络和其他复杂网络的定量分析。具有广泛社会影响的基础设施和系统（如能源网、运输网络）的物理和工程。
--
一级分类：Physics        物理学
二级分类：Statistical Mechanics        统计力学
分类描述：Phase transitions, thermodynamics, field theory, non-equilibrium phenomena, renormalization group and scaling, integrable models, turbulence
相变，热力学，场论，非平衡现象，重整化群和标度，可积模型，湍流
--
一级分类：Quantitative Finance        数量金融学
二级分类：Economics        经济学
分类描述：q-fin.EC is an alias for econ.GN. Economics, including micro and macro economics, international economics, theory of the firm, labor economics, and other economic topics outside finance
q-fin.ec是econ.gn的别名。经济学，包括微观和宏观经济学、国际经济学、企业理论、劳动经济学和其他金融以外的经济专题
--

---
PDF下载：
-->