英文标题:
《Controlling Human Utilization of Failure-Prone Systems via Taxes》
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作者:
Ashish R. Hota, Shreyas Sundaram
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最新提交年份:
2020
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英文摘要:
  We consider a game-theoretic model where individuals compete over a shared failure-prone system or resource. We investigate the effectiveness of a taxation mechanism in controlling the utilization of the resource at the Nash equilibrium when the decision-makers have behavioral risk preferences, captured by prospect theory. We first observe that heterogeneous prospect-theoretic risk preferences can lead to counter-intuitive outcomes. In particular, for resources that exhibit network effects, utilization can increase under taxation and there may not exist a tax rate that achieves the socially optimal level of utilization. We identify conditions under which utilization is monotone and continuous, and then characterize the range of utilizations that can be achieved by a suitable choice of tax rate. We further show that resource utilization is higher when players are charged differentiated tax rates compared to the case when all players are charged an identical tax rate, under suitable assumptions. 
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中文摘要:
我们考虑了一个博弈论模型,其中个人在一个容易发生故障的共享系统或资源上进行竞争。我们研究了当决策者有行为风险偏好时,税收机制在纳什均衡下控制资源利用的有效性,这是由前景理论捕获的。我们首先观察到,异质前景理论风险偏好可能导致违反直觉的结果。特别是,对于表现出网络效应的资源,利用率可能会在税收不足的情况下增加,并且可能不存在达到社会最佳利用水平的税率。我们确定了利用率单调且连续的条件,然后描述了通过选择适当的税率可以实现的利用率范围。我们进一步表明,在适当的假设下,与所有参与者都被征收相同税率的情况相比,当参与者被征收不同税率时,资源利用率更高。
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分类信息:
一级分类:Computer Science        计算机科学
二级分类:Computer Science and Game Theory        计算机科学与博弈论
分类描述:Covers all theoretical and applied aspects at the intersection of computer science and game theory, including work in mechanism design, learning in games (which may overlap with Learning), foundations of agent modeling in games (which may overlap with Multiagent systems), coordination, specification and formal methods for non-cooperative computational environments. The area also deals with applications of game theory to areas such as electronic commerce.
涵盖计算机科学和博弈论交叉的所有理论和应用方面,包括机制设计的工作,游戏中的学习(可能与学习重叠),游戏中的agent建模的基础(可能与多agent系统重叠),非合作计算环境的协调、规范和形式化方法。该领域还涉及博弈论在电子商务等领域的应用。
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一级分类:Computer Science        计算机科学
二级分类:Multiagent Systems        多智能体系统
分类描述:Covers multiagent systems, distributed artificial intelligence, intelligent agents, coordinated interactions. and practical applications. Roughly covers ACM Subject Class I.2.11.
涵盖多Agent系统、分布式
人工智能、智能Agent、协调交互。和实际应用。大致涵盖ACM科目I.2.11类。
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一级分类:Computer Science        计算机科学
二级分类:Systems and Control        系统与控制
分类描述:cs.SY is an alias for eess.SY. This section includes theoretical and experimental research covering all facets of automatic control systems. The section is focused on methods of control system analysis and design using tools of modeling, simulation and optimization. Specific areas of research include nonlinear, distributed, adaptive, stochastic and robust control in addition to hybrid and discrete event systems. Application areas include automotive and aerospace control systems, network control, biological systems, multiagent and cooperative control, robotics, reinforcement learning, sensor networks, control of cyber-physical and energy-related systems, and control of computing systems.
cs.sy是eess.sy的别名。本部分包括理论和实验研究,涵盖了自动控制系统的各个方面。本节主要介绍利用建模、仿真和优化工具进行控制系统分析和设计的方法。具体研究领域包括非线性、分布式、自适应、随机和鲁棒控制,以及混合和离散事件系统。应用领域包括汽车和航空航天控制系统、网络控制、生物系统、多智能体和协作控制、机器人学、强化学习、传感器网络、信息物理和能源相关系统的控制以及计算系统的控制。
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一级分类:Mathematics        数学
二级分类:Optimization and Control        优化与控制
分类描述:Operations research, linear programming, control theory, systems theory, optimal control, game theory
运筹学,线性规划,控制论,系统论,最优控制,博弈论
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一级分类:Quantitative Finance        数量金融学
二级分类:Economics        经济学
分类描述:q-fin.EC is an alias for econ.GN. Economics, including micro and macro economics, international economics, theory of the firm, labor economics, and other economic topics outside finance
q-fin.ec是econ.gn的别名。经济学,包括微观和宏观经济学、国际经济学、企业理论、劳动经济学和其他金融以外的经济专题
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