英文标题：
《The laws of the evolution of research fields》
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作者：
Mario Coccia
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最新提交年份：
2018
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英文摘要：
  A fundamental question in the field of social studies of science is how research fields emerge, grow and decline over time and space. This study confronts this question here by developing an inductive analysis of emerging research fields represented by human microbiome, evolutionary robotics and astrobiology. In particular, number of papers from starting years to 2017 of each emerging research field is analyzed considering the subject areas (i.e., disciplines) of authors. Findings suggest some empirical laws of the evolution of research fields: the first law states that the evolution of a specific research field is driven by few scientific disciplines (3- 5) that generate more than 80% of documents (concentration of the scientific production); the second law states that the evolution of research fields is path-dependent of a critical discipline (it can be a native discipline that has originated the research field or a new discipline emerged during the social dynamics of science); the third law states that a research field can be driven during its evolution by a new discipline originated by a process of specialization within science. The findings here can explain and generalize, whenever possible some properties of the evolution of scientific fields that are due to interaction between disciplines, convergence between basic and applied research fields and interdisciplinary in scientific research. Overall, then, this study begins the process of clarifying and generalizing, as far as possible, the properties of the social construction and evolution of science to lay a foundation for the development of sophisticated theories.
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中文摘要：
科学社会研究领域的一个基本问题是，研究领域如何随着时间和空间的推移而出现、发展和衰落。这项研究通过对以人类微生物群、进化机器人学和天体生物学为代表的新兴研究领域进行归纳分析来解决这个问题。特别是，考虑到作者的主题领域（即学科），分析了每个新兴研究领域从起始年到2017年的论文数量。研究结果表明了研究领域演变的一些经验规律：第一个规律表明，特定研究领域的演变是由少数学科（3-5）驱动的，这些学科产生了80%以上的文献（科学成果的集中）；第二定律指出，研究领域的演化依赖于一门关键学科的路径（它可以是开创研究领域的本土学科，也可以是科学社会动力学中出现的新学科）；第三定律指出，一个研究领域可以在其发展过程中由科学内部专业化过程所产生的新学科来推动。这里的研究结果可以尽可能解释和概括由于学科之间的相互作用、基础和应用研究领域之间的融合以及科学研究中的跨学科而导致的科学领域演变的一些特性。因此，总体而言，本研究开始了尽可能澄清和概括科学的社会结构和演化特性的过程，以为复杂理论的发展奠定基础。
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分类信息：

一级分类：Economics        经济学
二级分类：General Economics        一般经济学
分类描述：General methodological, applied, and empirical contributions to economics.
对经济学的一般方法、应用和经验贡献。
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一级分类：Physics        物理学
二级分类：Physics and Society        物理学与社会
分类描述：Structure, dynamics and collective behavior of societies and groups (human or otherwise). Quantitative analysis of social networks and other complex networks. Physics and engineering of infrastructure and systems of broad societal impact (e.g., energy grids, transportation networks).
社会和团体（人类或其他）的结构、动态和集体行为。社会网络和其他复杂网络的定量分析。具有广泛社会影响的基础设施和系统（如能源网、运输网络）的物理和工程。
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一级分类：Quantitative Finance        数量金融学
二级分类：Economics        经济学
分类描述：q-fin.EC is an alias for econ.GN. Economics, including micro and macro economics, international economics, theory of the firm, labor economics, and other economic topics outside finance
q-fin.ec是econ.gn的别名。经济学，包括微观和宏观经济学、国际经济学、企业理论、劳动经济学和其他金融以外的经济专题
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