%macro square(n=);
%do i=1 %to &n;
%put &i*&i=%eval(&i*&i);
%end;
%mend;

%square(n=5)

you don't need a macro
this is exactly what you want

data a(keep=final);
do i=1 to 10;
formula=catx("*",i,i);
results=i**2;
final=catx("=",formula,results);
output;
end;
run;

楼上的两位厉害！多谢多谢！