Stressing the common economic institutions shared over time by the different regions of Europe and the networks of relations that have linked them, Crouzet examines pan- European changes and integration rather than merely the particular experiences of individual countries. A History of the European Economy, 1000-2000 goes beyond addressing the historical ramifications of trade in the European economy to encompass problems such as the diffusion of technology, the migration of capital and labor, diasporas and minorities, and national diversity. By stressing the historical origins of the drive toward European integration and its progress all the way to the birth of the euro, Crouzet delivers an original and comprehensive overview of European economic history.

About the Author
François Crouzet, Professor Emeritus of the Department of History at the University of Paris-Sorbonne, is the author of The Victorian Economy; The First Industrialists; Britain, France, and International Commerce: From Louis XIV to Victoria; and numerous other studies of the European economy.

Contents
List of Maps ix
List of Tables x
Acknowledgments xi
Introduction xiii
List of Abbreviations xx
One The Emergence of a European Economy,
Tenth through Thirteenth Centuries 1
The Heritage from the “Dark Ages” 1 An Age of
Demographic Expansion 9 Change and Progress on
the Land 13 Towns and Industries 22 The Growth
of Trade 27 A New Europe 34
Two Change and Continuity in the European Economy,
Fourteenth through Eighteenth Centuries 37
Progress in Technology 38 New and Old Trade Routes 50
Manufactures in Town and Country 59
Shifts in Economic Primacy 63 Eastern Europe 74
Low Productivity and Its Consequences 78
Malthusian Traps 87 Growth Prevails 94
Three The Age of Industrialization, 1760s–1914 99
The Industrial Revolution 100 Why Britain First? 110
Continental Diffusion and Patterns of Industrialization 116
Reforms and Industrialization 121 Railroads 124
Banks 127 Stages of Industrialization 130 National
Disparities 133 Reasons Why 149 Global Views 155
Four Disasters, Renaissance, Decline, 1914–2000 171
The Economic Consequences of World War I 172
The Interwar Years: Chronology 178 The Interwar Years:
Overall Views 182 World War II and Its Aftermath 196
The Golden Age 205 The Eastern Bloc 214 Slowing Down
and Not Working 220 Europe and Euro 233 Upheaval in
the East 246 Conclusion 256
Notes 261
Selected Bibliography 297
Index 307