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2015-10-18
本人正在修博弈论的课程,有的题目总是觉得很混乱。 如题: que.png                          这个为extensive form 请问如何变成normal form (标准化)
另外在遇到这类题型时,我应该如何觉得定标准化时有几个strategy
请详细解答,如果解答好的话可以多给您金币
十分感谢您

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que.png

原图尺寸 25.64 KB

que.png

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2015-10-18 23:11:57
Hey Miranda,

This is a pretty standard problem asking for the normal form of an extensive form game. In general, to solve questions like this you can follow these steps:  

1. Determine how may information sets each player has in the extensive form game.

In this example, player 1 has two info sets, one is the starting nodes, the other one is the info set in the right-bottom corner with two decision nodes included in it. Player 2 has 2 info sets, and both of them are singleton (i.e. a info set that contain only one decision node.)

2. Define the action set of the corresponding normal form game as the Cartesian product of action sets of a player on each info set.

In this example, player 1 has two info sets. One the first info set, player 1's action set is A1 = {A, B}. On the second info set, player 1's action set is A2 = {a, b}. So in the corresponding normal form game, player 1's action set is A1 x A2 . (x means Cartesian product.) That is, player 1's action set in the normal form game is A1' = A1 x A2 = {A, B} x  {a, b} = {(A, a), (A, b), (B, a), (B, b)}.
Similarly, player 2's action set in the normal forma game is A2' = {X, Y} x {Z, W} = {(X, Z), (X, W), (Y, Z), (Y, W)}.

3. Construct the corresponding normal form game using players' action sets.

In this example, we see player 1 has 4 actions, and player 2 also has 4 actions. So we can draw a 4 by 4 table to show the payoffs as following:
20151018_193914.gif

4. Then we can solve for pure or mixed strategy NE using the corresponding normal form.  (I guess I'll leave this step to you.)  

I hope this helps.

-Chuck
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2015-10-21 05:52:52
chuckchen 发表于 2015-10-18 23:11
Hey Miranda,

This is a pretty standard problem asking for the normal form of an extensive form ga ...
I appreciate your help!!! but I m sorta fresh to this app, so I dont really know how to give you the 'money'.
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