1. 垄断者定价为边际成本,因此价格为cq,代入效用函数u = theta q - t 得u = theta q - cq^2,根据效用最大化原则有mu = 0 即 theta - 2cq = 0 , q = theta/2c。那么总价为t = cq^2 = theta^2/4c。
2. 消费者的期望效用为Eu = (1-p) (theta1 q - t) + p (theta2 q - t) = q [(1 - p)theta1 + p theta2] - t,同样根据效用最大化原则有mEu = 0 ,即 t = q [(1 - p)theta1 + p theta2],再考虑垄断价格cq,因此t = q [(1 - p)theta1 + p theta2] = cq^2,那么均衡产量为q = [(1 - p)theta1 + p theta2]/c,theta2 的均衡效用为theta2 [(1 - p)theta1 + p theta2]/c - [(1 - p)theta1 + p theta2]^2/c = [(1 - p)theta1 + p theta2](theta2 - theta1)(1 - p)/c