英文文献：Effects Of Trade Barriers On U.S. Apple Exports-贸易壁垒对美国苹果出口的影响
英文文献作者：Sreedharan, Prasanna,Devadoss, Stephen,Stodick, Leroy,Wahl, Thomas I.
英文文献摘要：
We build a spatial equilibrium trade model for apples using demand and supply relations for each importing and exporting country. The model maximizes welfare subject to demand and production constraints. A trade barrier (free trade) scenario which incorporates (removes) import quotas and tariffs is run. Comparison of the solutions of the two scenarios quantifies the impacts of trade barriers on US apple exports.

本文利用苹果进出口国的供求关系，建立了苹果的空间均衡贸易模型。该模型使受需求和生产约束的福利最大化。一个包含进口配额和关税的贸易壁垒(自由贸易)场景正在运行。通过比较两种情形的解决方案，可以量化贸易壁垒对美国苹果出口的影响。