《Decoupling Natural Resource Use and Environmental Impacts from Economic Growth》

经济增长中的自然资源利用与环境影响
经济增长的资源环境效应（含中国实例）

Editor: International Resource Panel
Working Group on Decoupling   2011年   152页   清晰电子书pdf
Decoupling Int Ec Green onomy ernational Economy Initiative human Resource (February well-being of UNEP Panel’s 2011). that from (IRP) has resource just mandate. produced consumption It is an also impressive atis the at heart thereport heart of the on of Green the the
The conceptual framework for decoupling and understanding of the instrumentalities for
achieving it are still in an infant stage. The IRP plans to carry out a series of investigations
on decoupling, each of which will result in a report. The reports will aim to support the
Green Economy Initiative and also to stimulate appropriate policies and action at global,
national and local levels.
This first report is simply an attempt to scope the challenges. The report presents basic
facts and figures on natural resource flows worldwide. Four country studies embedded in
the report show that consumption of natural resources is still rising rapidly. Drawing on
these data, the report attempts to outline the issues that now need to be addressed to
decouple these material and energy flows from social and economic progress.
Even in the two countries which arguably have made the most explicit efforts towards
decoupling, Japan and Germany, and where at first glance domestic resource consumption
shows stabilization or even a modest decline, deeper analysis shows that many goods
contain parts that have been produced abroad using major amounts of energy, water and
minerals. Thus some of the advanced countries are managing the problem of high
resource intensity by “exporting” it elsewhere. The Report observes that trade – not
surprisingly – is generally enhancing energy use and resource flows and thus, overall,
impeding rather than promoting decoupling.
Two case studies from developing countries, China, and South Africa, show a steady
increase of resource flows, probably indicative of the trends in all emerging economies.
However, in the case of China there appears to be some success in the national effort to
achieve relative decoupling through modernization of the economy and explicit policies to
reduce resource intensity. Absolute reduction of energy and resource consumption cannot
yet be expected to be part of the policies of developing countries.



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