Arrow, K., H. D. Block, and L. Hurwicz, “On the Stability of the Competitve Equilibrium,
II,” Econometrica, 27 (1959), 82-109.
Arrow, K., and L. Hurwicz, “On the Stability of the Competitve Equilibrium, I,” Econometrica,
26 (1958), 522-552.
Scarf给出了一个反例,表明在存在互补商品的经济中,竞争均衡可能不是稳定的:
Scarf, H., “Some Examples of Global Instability of the Competitive Equilibrium,” International
Economic Review, 1 (1960), 157-172.
Anderson等学者更是用实验验证了Scarf的经典结论:
Anderson C M, Plott C R, Shimomura K, et al. Global instability in experimental general equilibrium: the Scarf example[J]. Journal of Economic Theory, 2004, 115(2): 209-249.