下下周是我在澳洲上学做的第一个presentation,很是担心。问题是这样的：（我翻译成中文了，抱歉有的我翻译不不过来）你是昆士兰卫生部的部长。你最近读到Halstead and Wilson(1991)的文章，说道目前澳大利亚大约有2000人正在等待肾的移植手术，而每年只有500例这样的手术实施。也就是说1500人是排在肾移植的等待名单上的。从效用角度说这是一种poor outcome（特别是考虑到潜在的（肾）捐献者可以用一个肾很好的维持生存。作为州卫生系统的ultimate manager 开始考虑，你还记得老师说过 queues are indicative of inefficiency and government intervention (政府干预）in the market.

1）Do this provide you with any insights into conceptualizing (概念化）the problem?(IS there a market for kidneys(肾）?IS there government intervention in this market?)

2)你回忆到老师说过减少排队和取得有效产出（reduce a queue and get a more efficient outcome)的最快的途径是引入价格机制。然而这看上去对大多数商品是适用的，在这种情况下这种方法看是过于激进，你还需要开始考虑如果你对肾交易市场解除管制所带来的可能的批评。写出一些你可能收到的批评和你怎样回应他们，注意要仔细审慎地评论他们的不足。

3）you then conduct research to find if there are any example of a legalized or undergound trade in body parts and ogans,Could you find any?In the end ,weighing up the costs and benefits ,would you advocate(提倡）that there should be a legalized trade in kidneys?

4)your friend is a high-level manager in the Department of Families and is reponsible for managing adoptions in the state.She is being heavily criticised for the face that it often takes 5-10years to adopt a baby.She heard about your work with repect to kidneys and wondered whether allowing the 价格机制 to work could also be used to reduce her queue.Explain your position on this matter.

重要的概念：demand and supply,government intervention,price ceilings/floors,surplus/shortage,black market and deregulation(解除管制）

希望各位能给我出出主意，谢谢