The ongoing modernisation of China’s dairy sector
中国乳制品行业的持续现代化
二零一九年十二月长期以来,中国一直致力于提高乳制品消费,以改善公众健康和营养。在过去的10年中,整个供应链日趋现代化,但是该行业的转型尚未完成。奶牛养殖业的工业化、上下游一体化以及奶牛品种质量和技术水平仍将提升。这些趋势将继续优化食品安全和质量,并涌现大量新的乳制品。
奶牛养殖行业
[size=1.125]在越来越严格的食品安全质量要求和环保法规的推动下,生鲜乳生产逐步规模化。从2008年到2018年,在中国生鲜乳产量一直保持稳定的状态下,奶牛平均养殖规模扩大了两倍多,奶牛养殖场的数量减少了近75%,同时奶牛的平均产奶量增长超过60%。中国乳制品行业正逐步进入现代化阶段。
[size=1.125]奶牛在存栏量100头以上的规模养殖场里的比重从2008年的20%上升到2018年的60%以上。同时,存栏量1000头以上的规模养殖场数量从2002年的112个增加到2017年的1350多个 。
December 2019
2019年12月
China has long aimed to increase dairy consumption to improve public health and nutrition. During the past ten years, the entire dairy supply chain has been modernising, but the sector’s transformation is not yet complete. The industrialisation of dairy farming, vertical integration by processors and the upgrading of genetics and technology will continue. These trends will lead to better food safety and quality, and a proliferation of new dairy products.
中国长期以来一直致力于增加乳制品消费,以改善公众健康和营养。在过去的十年里,整个乳品供应链都在现代化,但该行业的转型还没有完成。乳品业的工业化、加工商的纵向一体化以及基因和技术的升级将继续。这些趋势将导致更好的食品安全和质量,以及新奶制品的大量涌现。
Dairy farming sector
乳品业
With more demanding food safety and quality requirements and increasingly strict environmental regulations, China’s dairy production is shifting from small-scale to large-scale dairy farms. Between 2008 and 2018, raw milk production was stable, while the average dairy farm scale more than tripled and number of dairy farms fell by nearly 75%. At the same time, average dairy cow productivity grew by 60%.
随着食品安全和质量要求越来越高,环境法规也越来越严格,中国的乳品生产正从小型奶牛场向大型奶牛场转变。2008年至2018年间,生乳产量稳定,平均奶牛场规模增长两倍多,奶牛场数量下降近75%。与此同时,奶牛的平均生产能力增长了60%。
In 2008, farms with more than 100 cows only accounted for 20% of China’s dairy herd; by 2018 that number was over 60%. The number of farms with more than 1000 dairy cows increased from 112 in 2002 to more than 1350 in 2017.
2008年,拥有100多头牛的农场只占中国奶牛群的20%;到2018年,这一数字超过60%。拥有1000多头奶牛的农场数量从2002年的112家增加到2017年的1350多家。
These trends are similar to those in the US and Europe during the past 30-40 years.
这些趋势与过去30-40年间美国和欧洲的趋势相似。