英文标题：
《Exponential and power laws in public procurement markets》
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作者：
Ladislav Kristoufek and Jiri Skuhrovec
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最新提交年份：
2013
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英文摘要：
  For the first time ever, we analyze a unique public procurement database, which includes information about a number of bidders for a contract, a final price, an identification of a winner and an identification of a contracting authority for each of more than 40,000 public procurements in the Czech Republic between 2006 and 2011, focusing on the distributional properties of the variables of interest. We uncover several scaling laws -- the exponential law for the number of bidders, and the power laws for the total revenues and total spendings of the participating companies, which even follows the Zipf\'s law for the 100 most spending institutions. We propose an analogy between extensive and non-extensive systems in physics and the public procurement market situations. Through an entropy maximization, such the analogy yields some interesting results and policy implications with respect to the Maxwell-Boltzmann and Pareto distributions in the analyzed quantities.
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中文摘要：
有史以来第一次，我们分析了一个独特的公共采购数据库，其中包括2006年至2011年间捷克共和国40000多个公共采购中每一个的合同投标人数量、最终价格、中标人身份和订约机构身份的信息，关注感兴趣的变量的分布特性。我们揭示了几个比例律——投标人数量的指数律，以及参与公司总收入和总支出的幂律，甚至对支出最多的100家机构也遵循齐普夫定律。我们在物理学和公共采购市场情况中提出了广泛系统和非广泛系统之间的类比。通过熵最大化，这种类比产生了一些有趣的结果，并对分析量中的麦克斯韦-玻尔兹曼和帕累托分布产生了政策影响。
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分类信息：

一级分类：Quantitative Finance        数量金融学
二级分类：Statistical Finance        统计金融
分类描述：Statistical, econometric and econophysics analyses with applications to financial markets and economic data
统计、计量经济学和经济物理学分析及其在金融市场和经济数据中的应用
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