英文标题：
《On critical dynamics and thermodynamic efficiency of urban
  transformations》
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作者：
Emanuele Crosato and Ramil Nigmatullin and Mikhail Prokopenko
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最新提交年份：
2018
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英文摘要：
  Urban transformations within large and growing metropolitan areas often generate critical dynamics affecting social interactions, transport connectivity and income flow distribution. We develop a statistical-mechanical model of urban transformations, exemplified for Greater Sydney, and derive a thermodynamic description highlighting critical regimes. We consider urban dynamics at two time scales: fast dynamics for the distribution of population and income, modelled via the maximum entropy principle, and slower dynamics evolving the urban structure under spatially distributed competition. We identify phase transitions between dispersed and polycentric phases, induced by varying the social disposition---a factor balancing the suburbs\' attractiveness---in contrast with the travel impedance. Using the Fisher information we identify critical thresholds and quantify the thermodynamic cost of urban transformation, as the minimal work required to vary the underlying parameter. Finally, we introduce the notion of thermodynamic efficiency of urban transformation, as the ratio of the order gained during a change to the amount of required work, showing that this measure is maximised at criticality.
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中文摘要：
大型和不断增长的大都市区域内的城市转型通常会产生影响社会互动、交通连接和收入流分配的关键动态。我们开发了一个城市转型的统计力学模型，以大悉尼为例，并导出了一个强调临界状态的热力学描述。我们在两个时间尺度上考虑城市动态：通过最大熵原理建模的人口和收入分布的快速动态，以及在空间分布竞争下城市结构演变的缓慢动态。我们确定了分散相和多中心相之间的相变，这是由不同的社会倾向（一个平衡郊区吸引力的因素）与旅行阻抗引起的。利用Fisher信息，我们确定了临界阈值，并量化了城市改造的热力学成本，作为改变基础参数所需的最小工作量。最后，我们引入了城市改造热力学效率的概念，即在变化过程中获得的阶数与所需工作量的比率，表明这一指标在临界状态下最大化。
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分类信息：

一级分类：Physics        物理学
二级分类：Physics and Society        物理学与社会
分类描述：Structure, dynamics and collective behavior of societies and groups (human or otherwise). Quantitative analysis of social networks and other complex networks. Physics and engineering of infrastructure and systems of broad societal impact (e.g., energy grids, transportation networks).
社会和团体（人类或其他）的结构、动态和集体行为。社会网络和其他复杂网络的定量分析。具有广泛社会影响的基础设施和系统（如能源网、运输网络）的物理和工程。
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一级分类：Physics        物理学
二级分类：Statistical Mechanics        统计力学
分类描述：Phase transitions, thermodynamics, field theory, non-equilibrium phenomena, renormalization group and scaling, integrable models, turbulence
相变，热力学，场论，非平衡现象，重整化群和标度，可积模型，湍流
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一级分类：Quantitative Finance        数量金融学
二级分类：Statistical Finance        统计金融
分类描述：Statistical, econometric and econophysics analyses with applications to financial markets and economic data
统计、计量经济学和经济物理学分析及其在金融市场和经济数据中的应用
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