英文标题:
《Two Resolutions of the Margin Loan Pricing Puzzle》
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作者:
Alex Garivaltis
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最新提交年份:
2019
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英文摘要:
This paper supplies two possible resolutions of Fortune\'s (2000) margin-loan pricing puzzle. Fortune (2000) noted that the margin loan interest rates charged by stock brokers are very high in relation to the actual (low) credit risk and the cost of funds. If we live in the Black-Scholes world, the brokers are presumably making arbitrage profits by shorting dynamically precise amounts of their clients\' portfolios. First, we extend Fortune\'s (2000) application of Merton\'s (1974) no-arbitrage approach to allow for brokers that can only revise their hedges finitely many times during the term of the loan. We show that extremely small differences in the revision frequency can easily explain the observed variation in margin loan pricing. In fact, four additional revisions per three-day period serve to explain all of the currently observed heterogeneity. Second, we study monopolistic (or oligopolistic) margin loan pricing by brokers whose clients are continuous-time Kelly gamblers. The broker solves a general stochastic control problem that yields simple and pleasant formulas for the optimal interest rate and the net interest margin. If the author owned a brokerage, he would charge an interest rate of $(r+\\nu)/2-\\sigma^2/4$, where $r$ is the cost of funds, $\\nu$ is the compound-annual growth rate of the S&P 500 index, and $\\sigma$ is the volatility.
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中文摘要:
本文给出了《财富》(2000)保证金贷款定价之谜的两种可能的解决方案。《财富》(2000)指出,相对于实际(低)信用风险和资金成本,股票经纪人收取的保证金贷款利率非常高。如果我们生活在布莱克-斯科尔斯(Black-Scholes)的世界里,那么经纪人大概是通过动态做空客户投资组合的精确金额来赚取套利利润的。首先,我们扩展了《财富》(2000)对默顿(1974)无套利方法的应用,以允许经纪人在贷款期限内只能有限地多次修改对冲。我们发现,修订频率的微小差异可以很容易地解释保证金贷款定价中观察到的变化。事实上,每三天进行四次额外修订可以解释目前观察到的所有异质性。其次,我们研究了客户为连续时间凯利赌徒的经纪人的垄断(或寡头)保证金贷款定价。经纪人解决了一个一般的随机控制问题,该问题产生了简单而令人愉快的最优利率和净息差公式。如果作者拥有一家经纪公司,他将收取$(r+\\nu)/2-\\sigma^2/4美元的利率,其中$r$是资金成本,$\\nu$是标准普尔500指数的复合年增长率,而$\\sigma$是波动率。
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分类信息:
一级分类:Economics 经济学
二级分类:General Economics 一般经济学
分类描述:General methodological, applied, and empirical contributions to economics.
对经济学的一般方法、应用和经验贡献。
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一级分类:Economics 经济学
二级分类:Theoretical Economics 理论经济学
分类描述:Includes theoretical contributions to Contract Theory, Decision Theory, Game Theory, General Equilibrium, Growth, Learning and Evolution, Macroeconomics, Market and Mechanism Design, and Social Choice.
包括对契约理论、决策理论、博弈论、一般均衡、增长、学习与进化、宏观经济学、市场与机制设计、社会选择的理论贡献。
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一级分类:Quantitative Finance 数量金融学
二级分类:Economics 经济学
分类描述:q-fin.EC is an alias for econ.GN. Economics, including micro and macro economics, international economics, theory of the firm, labor economics, and other economic topics outside finance
q-fin.ec是econ.gn的别名。经济学,包括微观和宏观经济学、国际经济学、企业理论、劳动经济学和其他金融以外的经济专题
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一级分类:Quantitative Finance 数量金融学
二级分类:General Finance 一般财务
分类描述:Development of general quantitative methodologies with applications in finance
通用定量方法的发展及其在金融中的应用
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一级分类:Quantitative Finance 数量金融学
二级分类:Portfolio Management 项目组合管理
分类描述:Security selection and optimization, capital allocation, investment strategies and performance measurement
证券选择与优化、资本配置、投资策略与绩效评价
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一级分类:Quantitative Finance 数量金融学
二级分类:Risk Management 风险管理
分类描述:Measurement and management of financial risks in trading, banking, insurance, corporate and other applications
衡量和管理贸易、银行、保险、企业和其他应用中的金融风险
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