<font size="2"><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">对各国中央银行来说,自由放任是对目前金融市场状况正确的处理方法。而只有当美国主要经济指标出现严重下滑时,美联储才应降低利率</span><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></span></strong></font><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><font face="Times New Roman"><font size="2"><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span lang="EN-US">&nbsp;</span></span></strong></font><font size="2"><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></strong><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">为了遏制最近数月来次级抵押贷款坏账所引发的信贷危机,美国联邦储备委员会、欧洲央行和日本央行可谓殚精竭虑。</span></strong><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">&nbsp;</span></strong></font></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font face="Times New Roman"><font size="2"><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"></span></strong></font></font><font face="Times New Roman"><font size="2"><font color="#000000"><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></strong><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">它们都通过放松隔夜拆借资金的方式,向全球经济体系中注入了大量的流动性。此外,美联储还降低了商业银行贴现窗口的利率,并鼓励银行拆入期限更长的资金,特别是针对那些持有次级贷款的银行。而现在,市场的焦点又集中于美联储是否降息,金融机构对此寄予了厚望。</span></strong><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">&nbsp;</span></strong></font></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font face="Times New Roman"><font size="2"><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"></span></strong></font></font><font face="Times New Roman"><font size="2"><font color="#000000"><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;</span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></strong><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">与之相反的是,英国央行</span></strong><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">(</span></strong><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">英格兰银行</span></strong><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">)</span></strong><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">并没有采取任何特别行动。而且,英国央行行长默文金</span></strong><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">(Mervyn King)</span></strong><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">和其他几位经济学家认为,通过压低市场利率、让信贷变得更为容易获取的方式来阻止危机发生和扩散,等于是不问是非地给金融机构提供某种最终担保,这很可能给市场带来“道德风险”。</span></strong></font></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font face="Times New Roman"><font size="2"><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"></span></strong></font></font><font face="Times New Roman"><font size="2"><font color="#000000"><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></strong><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">也就是说,那些现在被危机困扰的对冲基金和其他金融机构,会继续不负责任地发放高风险贷款,只要他们心里料定,各大央行会在他们陷入泥潭时出手把他们拉上来。</span></strong><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">&nbsp;</span></strong></font></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font face="Times New Roman"><font size="2"><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"></span></strong></font></font><font face="Times New Roman"><font size="2"><font color="#000000"><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></strong><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">但是,也有观点主张,金融市场本来就应该接受一次危机的洗礼,让那些近年来不计后果的投资付出代价。</span></strong><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">&nbsp;</span></strong></font></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font face="Times New Roman"><font size="2"><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"></span></strong></font></font><font face="Times New Roman"><font size="2"><font color="#000000"><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></strong><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">我个人也一贯反对ZF对任何特定的私人企业出手相救。即使对那些大型制造业企业、金融机构或服务业企业而言,我也不能认同所谓企业“大到不能破产”的说法。我尤其反对美联储在</span></strong><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">20</span></strong><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">世纪</span></strong><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">90</span></strong><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">年代对私人投资者施压,要求他们为长期资本管理公司</span></strong><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">(LTC)</span></strong><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">注资的做法。如果美联储或其他央行继续为那些盲目投资且过度融资的对冲基金或其他金融机构施以援手,那将是错上加错的,他们终将为此付出代价。对于那些因为给信用记录不良者大量发放高风险贷款而面临破产的机构,更不能抱有任何同情。</span></strong></font></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font face="Times New Roman"><font size="2"><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"></span></strong></font></font><font face="Times New Roman"><font size="2"><font color="#000000"><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></strong><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">过去数年中,利率水平处于低谷,而房屋价格则大幅飙升,新的风险管理工具及包含新的风险组合的金融衍生产品层出不穷。在这样的背景下,那些过去通常被认为信用不足的人都能轻易拿到房屋贷款,就毫不奇怪了。由于利率开始骤然上升</span></strong><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">(</span></strong><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">特别是那些评级较低的住房抵押贷款利率</span></strong><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">)</span></strong><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,或由于房价上涨趋势的严重放慢,很多这样的贷款都会变成坏账。</span></strong><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">&nbsp;</span></strong></font></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font face="Times New Roman"><font size="2"><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"></span></strong></font></font><font face="Times New Roman"><font size="2"><font color="#000000"><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></strong><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">不过,持有这样观点的人显然忽视了一个事实,即现在无法偿还贷款而不得不变卖其房产的人,仍然可以通过卖掉房子,从中获取多于其支出的收益,因为现在的房价依然远远高于他们当初借入低廉的贷款购买房屋时的价格。</span></strong><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">&nbsp;</span></strong></font></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font face="Times New Roman"><font size="2"><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"></span></strong></font></font><font face="Times New Roman"><font size="2"><font color="#000000"><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></strong><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">因此,“自由放任”</span></strong><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">(laissez faire)</span></strong><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,就是对目前情况正确的处理方法。那么,各家央行是不是就应该完全无所作为呢?</span></strong><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">&nbsp;</span></strong></font></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font face="Times New Roman"><font size="2"><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"></span></strong></font></font><font face="Times New Roman"><font size="2"><font color="#000000"><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></strong><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">如果今天我们所面临的风险只限于一些对冲基金和金融机构资产遭遇大幅缩水甚至破产,那么央行的不作为无疑是正确的。</span></strong></font></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font face="Times New Roman"><font size="2"><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"></span></strong></font></font><font face="Times New Roman"><font size="2"><font color="#000000"><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></strong><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">美联储近期的干预,也出于其他因素的考虑,即对金融市场的动荡将会蔓延到实体经济,进而影响就业、投资和美国社会福利的担忧。同样的担心也适用于欧洲和亚洲。</span></strong><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">&nbsp;</span></strong></font></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font face="Times New Roman"><font size="2"><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"></span></strong></font></font><font face="Times New Roman"><font size="2"><font color="#000000"><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></strong><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">这些干预行为的目的,都明确指向保持动荡复杂且相互关联的金融经济系统的稳定,而不是拯救某家特定的公司或贷款机构。</span></strong><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">&nbsp;</span></strong></font></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font face="Times New Roman"><font size="2"><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"></span></strong></font></font><font face="Times New Roman"><font size="2"><font color="#000000"><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></strong><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">虽然美联储和其他央行的这种做法还不能算愚蠢,也有可能是正确的,不过我仍然认为,他们应该严格遵守过去几十年来使他们得以立身的准则。那就是,央行制定的政策必须遵循一定的规则,而这些规则是建立在那些影响广泛的经济发展指标——包括失业率、</span></strong><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">GDP</span></strong><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">增长率和通货膨胀率等——之上的。</span></strong></font></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font face="Times New Roman"><font size="2"><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"></span></strong></font></font><font face="Times New Roman"><font size="2"><font color="#000000"><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></strong><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">只有当这些主要经济指标出现严重下滑时,中央银行才应该降低利率。而既然目前失业水平仍然很低,通货膨胀率适中,状况恶化的指标清单中就只有美国的</span></strong><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">GDP</span></strong><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">增长率了。至于未来的经济走势如何发展,还有待进一步观察。至于欧洲、日本和其他主要市场,目前看来,经济增长依旧相当活跃。</span></strong></font></font></font></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><font face="Times New Roman"><font size="2"><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"></span></strong></font></font><font face="Times New Roman"><font size="2"><font color="#000000"><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></strong><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: #21447d; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">综上所述,我认为各国央行应该对经济基本面受到损害的征兆保持高度警惕,但在此类现象实际发生之前,应努力避免任何形式的轻举妄动。否则,央行的行事准则会变得模糊不清,人们会怀疑央行的货币政策不是基于主要经济发展指标的考虑而做出的,而是受到房地产市场、信贷市场或其他特定市场的掣肘。这对经济和央行本身而言,都不是一件好事。</span></strong></font></font></font></p>