摘　　　要: 介绍了理论界对于银行危机的各种解释:许多著名经济学家在宏观层面上从制度、金融史、经济
周期等多角度研究银行危机,揭示其形成的内在机理。认为现代银行危机理论主要运用了博弈论和信息经济
学等微观经济学的最新理论和方法;进一步从微观层面对银行危机的成因进行深入剖析,包括银行挤兑模型、
信息非均衡理论、银行行为理论;要全面解释银行危机,就要将这些方面结合起来加以分析。
关　键　词: 银行危机;银行挤兑模型;信息非均衡理论;银行行为理论

Abstract : The explanations on bank crisis by theorist s are int roduced. It is pointed out that , f rom macro
point of view , many famous economist s study bank crisis at the multi2angles of system , finance history ,
economic cycle and so on , and discovers it s inner mechanism. It is considered that , modern bank crisis
theory mainly employs the latest theories and methods of micro economics such as game theory and
information economics. It t ries to analyze causes of bank crisis deeply. Specifically , the theories include
bank2run model , disequilibrium information theory and bank behavior theory. To expound bank crisis
roundly , these aspect s should be combined and analyzed.

Key words : bank crisis ; bank2run model ; disequilibrium information theory ; bank behavior theory

一、宏观角度

二、微观角度

1. 银行挤兑模型

2. 信息非均衡理论
(1) 不对称信息理论

(2) 契约不完全理论

3. 银行行为理论

(1) 贷款客户关系理论

(2) 勉强贷款理论

(3) 银行间贷款竞争理论

三、结　　语

参考文献:
[ 1 ] 马克思. 资本论: 第3 卷[M] . 北京: 人民出版社, 2004 :
559.
[ 2 ] 凯恩斯. 就业、利息和货币通论[M] . 徐毓,译. 北京:商务
印书馆, 1996 :326 - 328.
[ 3 ] Charles P. Kindleberger : Manias , Panics and Uncertainty : A
History of Financial Crisis[M] . Macmillan Press Ltd , 1996.
[ 4 ] 张志杰. 金融体系稳健性问题研究[D] . 厦门: 厦门大学,
2001 :101.
[ 5 ] Stiglitz Joseph , Andrew Wiss. Credit Rationing in Markets
with Imperfect Information[J ] . American Economic Review.
1981 ,71 (7) :393 - 410.
[ 6 ] 科斯. 契约经济学[M] . 李风圣,等译. 北京:经济科学出
版社, 1999 :96 - 128.