在读曼昆的《原理》微观福利经济学部分时,参考书提到:生产者的生产成本与出售意愿不一样,而且生产成本和供给曲线的关系也不同于支付意愿和需求曲线的关系。(You will need to take some time explaining the relationship between the producers’ willingness to sell and the cost of producing the good. The relationship between cost and the supply curve is not as apparent as the relationship between the demand curve and willingness to pay.)
为什么在衡量消费者剩余的时候,一个指标是支付意愿——在供求图中用需求曲线表示;而在衡量生产者剩余的时候,供给曲线表示的指标不是出售意愿而是生产成本?是因为消费有偏好,生产没有偏好吗?但是前面讲过供给曲线也涉及预期。
请高手解答一下这个问题!