麻烦大家了，我又有几个问题，想不通

既然some trade is preferred to no trade. and voluntaries exchange is based on mutually benifits,

为什么还有alleged reasons to oppose free trade?

e.g:1. foreign companies engage in dumping

2.goods that are produced abroad using unfair labor law

3.lower environmental standard abroad

那么就比如说，removing restrictions on textile imports helps consumers, but harms workers in that industry.

一个发生在80年代的例子：import quota

sales of US produced autos fell from 9 million units to 6 million units between 1978 to 1982 due to enhanced quality of imported car.

Import quota(1.68 million units per ear) on Japanese cars.

Costs of higher prices of autos because of the reduced supply of Japanese cars: $6.5 billion per year: Japanese car prices increased by $1,500 per unit and domestic car prices increased by $600 per unit in 1998

• Benefits of import quota:

– Saved 26,000 auto workers’ jobs

• Costs to consumers for saving one autoworker job per year

– $250,000 ($6.5 bill./26,000

• The consumers could have saved $2 billion per year, if they had simply given $75,000 per year to layoff each autoworker preserved under the import quota regulation.

我的问题是，

1。美国人又不是笨蛋，这笔帐完全划不来。为什么不采取补贴，而是采取配额？

2。既然这笔帐，谁都会算，美国得不偿失，为什么还要有那么多借口来阻止自由贸易呢？

那些借口有什么误导的么？

哪位帮我想一下。我们用的教材是principles of microeconomics Eugene Silberberg

[此贴子已经被作者于2005-11-14 21:02:01编辑过]