摘要翻译：
预计下个世纪的气温将上升到不利于作物生长和产量的水平。当大气变暖而没有额外的水汽输入时，蒸汽压亏缺(VPD)也会增加。气温升高和VPD水平升高都会对作物产量产生负面影响。然而，由于VPD与温度之间的密切相关，其独立的重要性往往被忽视或与温度的独立重要性混为一谈。我们使用了一个耦合过程作物(MAIZSIM)和土壤(2DSOIL)模型，从机制上理解了温度和VPD在作物产量预测中的独立作用，以及它们与CO2水平上升和降水模式变化的相互作用。我们发现，从温度升高中分离出VPD效应，与变暖相比，VPD增加对产量的负面影响更大。这两个因子的负面影响随降水量的不同而不同，并通过不同的机制影响产量。温度升高主要通过缩短生长季节引起产量损失，而VPD升高则增加水分损失，并引发光合速率降低、叶面积发育降低和生长季节缩短等水分胁迫反应。CO2浓度升高通过节水部分减轻了增温或VPD增加条件下的产量损失，但影响程度因降水量而异，在干旱条件下最为明显。这些结果表明VPD在作物生长和产量中起着关键作用，与温度和CO2相比表现出一定程度的影响。对VPD的作用及其与其他气候因素和管理措施的关系进行机械理解，对于改善气候变化下的作物产量预测至关重要。
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英文标题：
《Maize yield under a changing climate: The hidden role of vapor pressure
  deficit》
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作者：
Jennifer Hsiao, Abigail L.S. Swann, Soo-Hyung Kim
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最新提交年份：
2019
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分类信息：

一级分类：Quantitative Biology        数量生物学
二级分类：Other Quantitative Biology        其他定量生物学
分类描述：Work in quantitative biology that does not fit into the other q-bio classifications
不适合其他q-bio分类的定量生物学工作
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英文摘要：
  Temperatures over the next century are expected to rise to levels detrimental to crop growth and yield. As the atmosphere warms without additional water vapor input, vapor pressure deficit (VPD) increases as well. Increased temperatures and accompanied elevated VPD levels can both lead to negative impacts on crop yield. The independent importance of VPD, however, is often neglected or conflated with that from temperature due to a tight correlation between the two climate factors. We used a coupled process-based crop (MAIZSIM) and soil (2DSOIL) model to gain a mechanistic understanding of the independent roles temperature and VPD play in crop yield projections, as well as their interactions with rising CO2 levels and changing precipitation patterns. We found that by separating out the VPD effect from rising temperatures, VPD increases had a greater negative impact on yield compared to that from warming. The negative impact of these two factors varied with precipitation levels and influenced yield through separate mechanisms. Warmer temperatures caused yield loss mainly through shortening the growing season, while elevated VPD increased water loss and triggered several water stress responses such as reduced photosynthetic rates, lowered leaf area development, and shortened growing season length. Elevated CO2 concentrations partially alleviated yield loss under warming or increased VPD conditions through water savings, but the impact level varied with precipitation levels and was most pronounced under drier conditions. These results demonstrate the key role VPD plays in crop growth and yield, displaying a magnitude of impact comparative to temperature and CO2. A mechanistic understanding of the function of VPD and its relation with other climate factors and management practices is critical to improving crop yield projections under a changing climate.
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PDF链接：
https://arxiv.org/pdf/1910.03129