摘要翻译：
本文介绍了一种计算一级相变体系临界核大小和表面张力值的新方法。该方法建立在经典成核理论的基础上，研究了在冻结亚稳态环境中，给定半径的球的热力学。冻结配置在自由球面上创建一个钉扎场。只要球的尺寸小于临界核，钉扎场就迫使球保持在亚稳相。我们在二维晶格上的两个一阶系统中测试了我们的方法：一个系统中调谐跃迁的参数是磁场，另一个系统中调谐参数是温度。在这两种情况下，结果都是令人满意的。与以前的技术不同，我们的方法不需要无限大的体积极限来计算表面张力，因此即使使用相对较小的系统也能给出可靠的估计。然而，我们的方法不能在临界点或临界点附近使用，即在共存时，临界核变得无限大。
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英文标题：
《A novel method for evaluating the critical nucleus and the surface
  tension in systems with first order phase transition》
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作者：
Chiara Cammarota and Andrea Cavagna
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最新提交年份：
2008
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分类信息：

一级分类：Physics        物理学
二级分类：Statistical Mechanics        统计力学
分类描述：Phase transitions, thermodynamics, field theory, non-equilibrium phenomena, renormalization group and scaling, integrable models, turbulence
相变，热力学，场论，非平衡现象，重整化群和标度，可积模型，湍流
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英文摘要：
  We introduce a novel method for calculating the size of the critical nucleus and the value of the surface tension in systems with first order phase transition. The method is based on classical nucleation theory, and it consists in studying the thermodynamics of a sphere of given radius embedded in a frozen metastable surrounding. The frozen configuration creates a pinning field on the surface of the free sphere. The pinning field forces the sphere to stay in the metastable phase as long as its size is smaller than the critical nucleus. We test our method in two first-order systems, both on a two-dimensional lattice: a system where the parameter tuning the transition is the magnetic field, and a second system where the tuning parameter is the temperature. In both cases the results are satisfying. Unlike previous techniques, our method does not require an infinite volume limit to compute the surface tension, and it therefore gives reliable estimates even by using relatively small systems. However, our method cannot be used at, or close to, the critical point, i.e. at coexistence, where the critical nucleus becomes infinitely large.
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PDF链接：
https://arxiv.org/pdf/706.1519