摘要翻译:
本文采用两个随机对照试验,对早期投资者基于创业创始人性别、种族和年龄的歧视进行了研究。第一个实验邀请美国投资者评估多个随机生成的初创企业简介,他们知道这些简介是假设的,以便与来自合作孵化器的真实、高质量的初创企业相匹配。投资者还可以向随机显示的创业团队捐款,以示他们在新冠肺炎疫情期间的匿名支持。第二个实验向全球风险投资家发送带有随机初创企业信息的假设推销电子邮件,并利用一种跟踪投资者详细信息获取行为的新电子邮件技术对他们的电子邮件回复进行比较。我发现三个主要结果:(一)投资者倾向于女性、亚洲人和年龄较大的创始人,处于“较低接触兴趣”的情况;而对女性、亚洲人和年龄较大的创始人有偏见,处于“更高的接触兴趣”的情况。(ii)这两个实验确定了多重并存的偏见来源。具体地说,统计歧视是“反少数”投资者接触和投资决策的重要原因,新开发的基于一致性决策的异质效应估计器证明了这一点。(iii)在新冠肺炎疫情期间,对亚洲创始人有一种暂时的、更强烈的偏见,这种偏见于2020年4月开始消退。
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英文标题:
《Discrimination in the Venture Capital Industry: Evidence from Two
Randomized Controlled Trials》
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作者:
Ye Zhang
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最新提交年份:
2020
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分类信息:
一级分类:Economics 经济学
二级分类:General Economics 一般经济学
分类描述:General methodological, applied, and empirical contributions to economics.
对经济学的一般方法、应用和经验贡献。
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一级分类:Quantitative Finance 数量金融学
二级分类:Economics 经济学
分类描述:q-fin.EC is an alias for econ.GN. Economics, including micro and macro economics, international economics, theory of the firm, labor economics, and other economic topics outside finance
q-fin.ec是econ.gn的别名。经济学,包括微观和宏观经济学、国际经济学、企业理论、劳动经济学和其他金融以外的经济专题
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英文摘要:
This paper examines discrimination based on startup founders\' gender, race, and age by early-stage investors, using two randomized controlled trials with real venture capitalists. The first experiment invites U.S. investors to evaluate multiple randomly generated startup profiles, which they know to be hypothetical, in order to be matched with real, high-quality startups from collaborating incubators. Investors can also donate money to randomly displayed startup teams to show their anonymous support during the COVID-19 pandemic. The second experiment sends hypothetical pitch emails with randomized startups\' information to global venture capitalists and compares their email responses by utilizing a new email technology that tracks investors\' detailed information acquisition behaviors. I find three main results: (i) Investors are biased towards female, Asian, and older founders in \"lower contact interest\" situations; while biased against female, Asian, and older founders in \"higher contact interest\" situations. (ii) These two experiments identify multiple coexisting sources of bias. Specifically, statistical discrimination is an important reason for \"anti-minority\" investors\' contact and investment decisions, which was proved by a newly developed consistent decision-based heterogeneous effect estimator. (iii) There was a temporary, stronger bias against Asian founders during the COVID-19 outbreak, which started to fade in April 2020.
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