英文标题：
《Tipping elements and climate-economic shocks: Pathways toward integrated
  assessment》
---
作者：
Robert E. Kopp, Rachael Shwom, Gernot Wagner, Jiacan Yuan
---
最新提交年份：
2016
---
英文摘要：
  The literature on the costs of climate change often draws a link between climatic \'tipping points\' and large economic shocks, frequently called \'catastrophes\'. The use of the phrase \'tipping points\' in this context can be misleading. In popular and social scientific discourse, \'tipping points\' involve abrupt state changes. For some climatic \'tipping points,\' the commitment to a state change may occur abruptly, but the change itself may be rate-limited and take centuries or longer to realize. Additionally, the connection between climatic \'tipping points\' and economic losses is tenuous, though emerging empirical and process-model-based tools provide pathways for investigating it. We propose terminology to clarify the distinction between \'tipping points\' in the popular sense, the critical thresholds exhibited by climatic and social \'tipping elements,\' and \'economic shocks\'. The last may be associated with tipping elements, gradual climate change, or non-climatic triggers. We illustrate our proposed distinctions by surveying the literature on climatic tipping elements, climatically sensitive social tipping elements, and climate-economic shocks, and we propose a research agenda to advance the integrated assessment of all three.
---
中文摘要：
关于气候变化代价的文献往往将气候“临界点”与大规模经济冲击（通常称为“灾难”）联系起来。在这种情况下使用“临界点”一词可能会产生误导。在大众和社会科学话语中，“临界点”涉及突然的状态变化。对于一些气候“临界点”，对国家变化的承诺可能会突然发生，但变化本身可能是有限的，需要几个世纪或更长的时间才能实现。此外，气候“临界点”与经济损失之间的联系并不紧密，尽管新兴的经验和基于过程模型的工具为研究气候“临界点”提供了途径。我们建议使用术语来澄清通俗意义上的“临界点”、气候和社会“临界因素”所显示的临界阈值以及“经济冲击”之间的区别。最后一种可能与倾斜因素、逐渐的气候变化或非气候触发因素有关。我们通过调查有关气候倾斜因素、气候敏感社会倾斜因素和气候经济冲击的文献来说明我们提出的区别，并提出一个研究议程，以推进对这三种因素的综合评估。
---
分类信息：

一级分类：Quantitative Finance        数量金融学
二级分类：Economics        经济学
分类描述：q-fin.EC is an alias for econ.GN. Economics, including micro and macro economics, international economics, theory of the firm, labor economics, and other economic topics outside finance
q-fin.ec是econ.gn的别名。经济学，包括微观和宏观经济学、国际经济学、企业理论、劳动经济学和其他金融以外的经济专题
--
一级分类：Physics        物理学
二级分类：Physics and Society        物理学与社会
分类描述：Structure, dynamics and collective behavior of societies and groups (human or otherwise). Quantitative analysis of social networks and other complex networks. Physics and engineering of infrastructure and systems of broad societal impact (e.g., energy grids, transportation networks).
社会和团体（人类或其他）的结构、动态和集体行为。社会网络和其他复杂网络的定量分析。具有广泛社会影响的基础设施和系统（如能源网、运输网络）的物理和工程。
--

---
PDF下载：
-->