The best reference on "Kalman filter" is Harvey Andrew C., 1989, "Forecasting, Structural Time Series Models and the Kanlman Filter", CUP
“哈密尔顿的时间序列分析”我也看过了,公式看起来都很抽象,不知哪位高人能用一个简单的例子.
Hamilton's exposition is the most straightforward one. If you can not even understand that, there is no need to try Harvey's text.
Probably there will be no person would like to give an introduction to this because it needs a lot of equations.