摘要翻译：
质量作用定律应用广泛。质量作用定律并不自动保持电流，从一个简单的例子中可以清楚地看出，这个例子是用来说明这些问题的。质量作用定律并不强迫一系列化学反应到处都有相同的电流流动。在一系列化学反应中，远距离电流的中断并不是所有地方都停止电流，因此不服从麦克斯韦方程组。需要一个附加的约束和方程来加强电流的全局连续性。本文在化学反应描述通过窄通道的空间运动的特殊情况下引入了附加约束。在这种情况下，完全一致的处理是可能的使用各种电荷运动模型。一般情况必须用变分方法来处理，这些变分方法使所涉及的所有物理定律保持一致。变分方法是最近才发展起来的，以确保电荷流和质量在耗散系统如溶液或蛋白质中的离子中是全局守恒的。能量变分方法EnVarA应该允许开发更健壮的化学、生化和生物系统模型，使实际设备更容易设计和建造。当电流流动时，当质量作用定律应用于非平衡状态时，这些困难就会出现，这与最初推导质量作用定律时所考虑的系统不同。非平衡系统是重要的。几乎所有的生物都是在远离平衡的情况下发生的。我们技术中的几乎所有设备都在远离平衡的情况下工作。我相信，在化学世界中，除非电流的连续性被嵌入到质量作用定律的推广中，使用一个一致的能量和耗散的变分模型，否则稳健的模型和装置设计是不可能的。
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英文标题：
《Mass Action and Conservation of Current》
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作者：
Bob Eisenberg
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最新提交年份：
2015
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分类信息：

一级分类：Quantitative Biology        数量生物学
二级分类：Other Quantitative Biology        其他定量生物学
分类描述：Work in quantitative biology that does not fit into the other q-bio classifications
不适合其他q-bio分类的定量生物学工作
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英文摘要：
  The law of mass action is used widely. The law of mass action does not automatically conserve current, as is clear from mathematics of a simple case, chosen to illustrate the issues. The law of mass action does not force a series of chemical reactions to have the same current flow everywhere. Interruption of far-away current does not stop current everywhere in a series of chemical reactions, and so does not obey Maxwell equations. An additional constraint and equation is needed to enforce the global continuity of current flow. The additional constraint is introduced in this paper in the special case that the chemical reaction describes spatial movement through narrow channels. In that case, a fully consistent treatment is possible using a variety of models of charge movement. The general case must be dealt with by variational methods that enforce consistency of all the physical laws involved. Variational methods have only recently been developed to ensure that charge flow is conserved globally, along with mass, in dissipative systems like ions in solution or proteins. The Energy Variational Approach EnVarA should allow the development of more robust models of chemical, biochemical, and biological systems, making practical devices more easy to design and build. These difficulties arise away from equilibrium, when current flows, and the law of mass action is applied to a non-equilibrium situation, different from the systems considered when the law was originally derived. Non-equilibrium systems are important. Almost all of biology occurs away from equilibrium. Almost all devices of our technology function away from equilibrium. I believe robust models and device designs in the chemical world will not be possible until continuity of current is embedded in a generalization of the law of mass action using a consistent variational model of energy and dissipation.
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PDF链接：
https://arxiv.org/pdf/1502.07251