摘要翻译：
提出了一种新的音高定义。利用时域有限差分(FDTM)模型计算了由音调复合物和由录制的古典吉他音调引起的尖峰序列。所有的和声复合音，即音符，在复合音各自的基频上都表现出窄带内插间隔(ISI)模式。然而，该基频不仅存在于保持该基频的各自最佳频率的树皮频带处，而且存在于由音调复数部分驱动的所有树皮频带处。这是由各个频带中基本规则的、周期性的尖峰串中的辍学引起的。这些下降是由波形中的能量分布引起的，在波形中，低能量的时间跨度不能驱动尖峰。所有树皮带中基本周期性的存在可以解释为基音。与音高相反，音色表现为树皮乐队上不同ISIs的广泛分布。沥青的定义表明也适用于剩余沥青。在波形的低能量时刻的尖峰下降也会引起深音，周期性的整数倍细分，但在任何情况下都不会出现深音。这可能解释了音乐小调音阶，雨果·黎曼早在1880年就提出由低音引起，直到现在还不知道这种低音的任何物理实现。
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英文标题：
《Pitch and timbre discrimination at wave-to-spike transition in the
  cochlea》
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作者：
Rolf Bader
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最新提交年份：
2017
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分类信息：

一级分类：Quantitative Biology        数量生物学
二级分类：Neurons and Cognition        神经元与认知
分类描述：Synapse, cortex, neuronal dynamics, neural network, sensorimotor control, behavior, attention
突触，皮层，神经元动力学，神经网络，感觉运动控制，行为，注意
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一级分类：Electrical Engineering and Systems Science        电气工程与系统科学
二级分类：Audio and Speech Processing        音频和语音处理
分类描述：Theory and methods for processing signals representing audio, speech, and language, and their applications. This includes analysis, synthesis, enhancement, transformation, classification and interpretation of such signals as well as the design, development, and evaluation of associated signal processing systems. Machine learning and pattern analysis applied to any of the above areas is also welcome.  Specific topics of interest include: auditory modeling and hearing aids; acoustic beamforming and source localization; classification of acoustic scenes; speaker separation; active noise control and echo cancellation; enhancement; de-reverberation; bioacoustics; music signals analysis, synthesis and modification; music information retrieval;  audio for multimedia and joint audio-video processing; spoken and written language modeling, segmentation, tagging, parsing, understanding, and translation; text mining; speech production, perception, and psychoacoustics; speech analysis, synthesis, and perceptual modeling and coding; robust speech recognition; speaker recognition and characterization; deep learning, online learning, and graphical models applied to speech, audio, and language signals; and implementation aspects ranging from system architecture to fast algorithms.
处理代表音频、语音和语言的信号的理论和方法及其应用。这包括分析、合成、增强、转换、分类和解释这些信号，以及相关信号处理系统的设计、开发和评估。机器学习和模式分析应用于上述任何领域也是受欢迎的。感兴趣的具体主题包括：听觉建模和助听器；声波束形成与声源定位；声场景分类；说话人分离；有源噪声控制和回声消除；增强；去混响；生物声学；音乐信号的分析、合成与修饰；音乐信息检索；多媒体音频和联合音视频处理；口语和书面语建模、切分、标注、句法分析、理解和翻译；文本挖掘；言语产生、感知和心理声学；语音分析、合成、感知建模和编码；鲁棒语音识别；说话人识别与特征描述；应用于语音、音频和语言信号的深度学习、在线学习和图形模型；以及从系统架构到快速算法的实现方面。
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英文摘要：
  A new definition of musical pitch is proposed. A Finite-Difference Time Domain (FDTM) model of the cochlea is used to calculate spike trains caused by tone complexes and by a recorded classical guitar tone. All harmonic tone complexes, musical notes, show a narrow-band Interspike Interval (ISI) pattern at the respective fundamental frequency of the tone complex. Still this fundamental frequency is not only present at the bark band holding the respective best frequency of this fundamental frequency, but rather at all bark bands driven by the tone complex partials. This is caused by drop-outs in the basically regular, periodic spike train in the respective bands. These drop-outs are caused by the energy distribution in the wave form, where time spans of low energy are not able to drive spikes. The presence of the fundamental periodicity in all bark bands can be interpreted as pitch. Contrary to pitch, timbre is represented as a wide distribution of different ISIs over bark bands. The definition of pitch is shown to also works with residue pitches. The spike drop-outs in times of low energy of the wave form also cause undertones, integer multiple subdivisions in periodicity, but in no case overtones can appear. This might explain the musical minor scale, which was proposed to be caused by undertones already in 1880 by Hugo Riemann, still until now without knowledge about any physical realization of such undertones.
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PDF链接：
https://arxiv.org/pdf/1711.05596