摘要翻译：
绿色氢可以帮助部分交通部门脱碳，但其动力部门的相互作用尚不清楚。如果生产在时间上足够灵活，它可能有助于整合可变的可再生能源。利用电力部门的开源共同优化模型和德国加气站提供氢的四种选择，我们发现了能源效率和时间灵活性之间的权衡：对于可再生能源和氢的份额较低，更节能和更不灵活的小规模现场电解是最佳的。对于更高份额的可再生能源和/或氢，更灵活但能效较低的大规模氢供应链变得越来越重要，因为它们允许通过储存将氢生产与需求分离。液氢是特别有益的，其次是液态有机氢载体和气态氢。大规模的氢供应链主要通过减少可再生剩余发电，可以为电力部门带来巨大的利益。能源建模者和系统规划者在评估绿色氢在未来能源过渡情景中的作用时，应更详细地考虑氢供应链独特的灵活性特征。
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英文标题：
《Optimal supply chains and power sector benefits of green hydrogen》
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作者：
Fabian Stockl, Wolf-Peter Schill, Alexander Zerrahn
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最新提交年份：
2021
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分类信息：

一级分类：Physics        物理学
二级分类：Physics and Society        物理学与社会
分类描述：Structure, dynamics and collective behavior of societies and groups (human or otherwise). Quantitative analysis of social networks and other complex networks. Physics and engineering of infrastructure and systems of broad societal impact (e.g., energy grids, transportation networks).
社会和团体（人类或其他）的结构、动态和集体行为。社会网络和其他复杂网络的定量分析。具有广泛社会影响的基础设施和系统（如能源网、运输网络）的物理和工程。
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一级分类：Economics        经济学
二级分类：General Economics        一般经济学
分类描述：General methodological, applied, and empirical contributions to economics.
对经济学的一般方法、应用和经验贡献。
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一级分类：Quantitative Finance        数量金融学
二级分类：Economics        经济学
分类描述：q-fin.EC is an alias for econ.GN. Economics, including micro and macro economics, international economics, theory of the firm, labor economics, and other economic topics outside finance
q-fin.ec是econ.gn的别名。经济学，包括微观和宏观经济学、国际经济学、企业理论、劳动经济学和其他金融以外的经济专题
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英文摘要：
  Green hydrogen can help to decarbonize parts of the transportation sector, but its power sector interactions are not well understood. It may contribute to integrating variable renewable energy sources if production is sufficiently flexible in time. Using an open-source co-optimization model of the power sector and four options for supplying hydrogen at German filling stations, we find a trade-off between energy efficiency and temporal flexibility: for lower shares of renewables and hydrogen, more energy-efficient and less flexible small-scale on-site electrolysis is optimal. For higher shares of renewables and/or hydrogen, more flexible but less energy-efficient large-scale hydrogen supply chains gain importance as they allow disentangling hydrogen production from demand via storage. Liquid hydrogen emerges as particularly beneficial, followed by liquid organic hydrogen carriers and gaseous hydrogen. Large-scale hydrogen supply chains can deliver substantial power sector benefits, mainly through reduced renewable surplus generation. Energy modelers and system planners should consider the distinct flexibility characteristics of hydrogen supply chains in more detail when assessing the role of green hydrogen in future energy transition scenarios.
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PDF链接：
https://arxiv.org/pdf/2005.03464