摘要翻译：
本文介绍了从2015年到2018年美国区域电力贸易与价格、排放量和发电量之间的经验估计平均每小时关系。与经济学理论一致，分析发现加州的电价与区域贸易之间存在负相关关系，条件是当地需求。加州电力进口每增加1千兆瓦时，加州独立系统运营商的批发电价平均每兆瓦时下降0.15美元。加州的二氧化碳排放和电力进口之间存在短期净负关系，但出口邻国的正排放部分抵消了这一关系。具体来说，地区贸易每增加1吉瓦时，美国西部的二氧化碳排放量就会平均净减少70吨，这取决于需求水平。结果表明，在加州电力市场中，进口电力主要取代了天然气发电。邻近地区的短期SO2和NOx排放量与加州电力进口之间存在较小的正相关关系。SO2和NOx的数值结果表明，邻近燃煤电厂平均增加0.1兆瓦时，与加州进口增加1兆瓦时有关。
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英文标题：
《Integrating electricity markets: Impacts of increasing trade on prices
  and emissions in the western United States》
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作者：
Steven Dahlke
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最新提交年份：
2019
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分类信息：

一级分类：Economics        经济学
二级分类：General Economics        一般经济学
分类描述：General methodological, applied, and empirical contributions to economics.
对经济学的一般方法、应用和经验贡献。
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一级分类：Quantitative Finance        数量金融学
二级分类：Economics        经济学
分类描述：q-fin.EC is an alias for econ.GN. Economics, including micro and macro economics, international economics, theory of the firm, labor economics, and other economic topics outside finance
q-fin.ec是econ.gn的别名。经济学，包括微观和宏观经济学、国际经济学、企业理论、劳动经济学和其他金融以外的经济专题
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英文摘要：
  This paper presents empirically-estimated average hourly relationships between regional electricity trade in the United States and prices, emissions, and generation from 2015 through 2018. Consistent with economic theory, the analysis finds a negative relationship between electricity prices in California and regional trade, conditional on local demand. Each 1 gigawatt-hour increase in California electricity imports is associated with an average $0.15 per megawatt-hour decrease in the California Independent System Operator's wholesale electricity price. There is a net-negative short term relationship between carbon dioxide emissions in California and electricity imports that is partially offset by positive emissions from exporting neighbors. Specifically, each 1 GWh increase in regional trade is associated with a net 70-ton average decrease in CO2 emissions across the western U.S., conditional on demand levels. The results provide evidence that electricity imports mostly displace natural gas generation on the margin in the California electricity market. A small positive relationship is observed between short-run SO2 and NOx emissions in neighboring regions and California electricity imports. The magnitude of the SO2 and NOx results suggest an average increase of 0.1 MWh from neighboring coal plants is associated with a 1 MWh increase in imports to California.
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PDF链接：
https://arxiv.org/pdf/1810.04759